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The cause of the burning sound
A lot of sound engineers or performers often encounter a problem, that is, their boxes are always burning treble, and why? Rhyme music sound engineer and everyone to explore it together.
The divider is used improperly
Speaker technical quality, however, the input crossover frequency is used improperly, or the speaker operating frequency range is unreasonable is also a cause of tweeter damage. In the use of frequency divider, should be strictly according to the manufacturer to provide the speaker operating frequency range to a reasonable choice of frequency points. Tweeter sub-frequency point if the choice is low, to withstand the power burden is too heavy, it is easy to burn the tweeter, midrange is also the case,
So choose the appropriate divider.
Speaker and power amplifier configuration unreasonable
Power amplifier and speaker matching is also an important factor, many people will ask is not the power amplifier output power is too large, resulting in damage to the tweeter? actually not. In professional situations, the speaker can generally withstand three times the rated power of the large signal impact, instantaneous can withstand 5 times the peak power of rated power without problems. So the situation due to unexpected strong shock or long whistle for a long time, so that the power amplifier and burn the treble unit is very rare.
As we all know, the speaker has a number of speakers, speakers bear the power, according to the different points of different distribution points.
Speaker rated power, the general professional speaker marked the maximum pink noise power, that is, the rated power of the speaker is pink noise or broadband can withstand the analog signal power. A two-way professional speaker (such as lannge S-2012 professional speaker) with a frequency of 1.6kHz and rated power of 400W, the woofer can be assigned to the output power of 310W at rated power, while the tweeter is assigned only to 90W. Therefore, the speaker to apply 400W of pink noise power or ordinary program signal power, it can withstand; and 400W single-frequency signal to test, regardless of the treble and woofer are likely to be damaged. If a three-way speaker, in the treble of the crossover point at 4kHz, then the tweeter unit to withstand the power of only 5% of the nominal power. If the power distribution is not appropriate, it will easily lead to damage to the tweeter.
Under normal circumstances, if the signal input to the speaker increased by 1 times, the power of the treble head only increased by 20W; but if the power amplifier power is insufficient, resulting in signal load appears grinding, high harmonic components will increase. The sinusoidal signal, which is 1kHz, produces a large number of odd harmonics, such as sine wave energy of 3kHz, 5kHz, in the case of a sine wave of 1kHz when the amplitude of the load is close to the square wave, so that the proportion of the treble component in the signal Greatly increased, resulting in the signal in the treble spectrum of energy far beyond the tweeter can afford the power. Even if the total power of the signal at this time has not yet reached the rated power of the speaker, but the tweeter has been overloaded and cause damage. This is a short time overload than the signal, but does not appear to be more dangerous. When the signal is not distorted, the short-time overload of the 1kHz signal, the power energy falls on the power of the larger bass unit, not necessarily exceed the speaker's short-term maximum power, generally does not cause the speaker power distribution deviation and damage the speaker unit. Therefore, under normal conditions of use, the rated output power of the power amplifier should be 1.5-2 times the rated power of the speaker in order to ensure that the maximum power of the speaker when the power amplifier does not cause distortion.
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The equalizer is improperly commissioned
Equalizer adjustments are also crucial. The frequency equalizer is designed to compensate for various defects in the indoor sound field and the frequency of the loudspeakers. It should be debugged with an actual spectrum analyzer or with other instruments. After debugging the transmission frequency characteristics should be within a certain range is relatively flat. Many tuners who do not have audio knowledge are free to debug, and even quite a few people, the high and low frequency parts of the equalizer are raised too high to form a "V" shape. If these frequencies are raised by more than 10 dB compared to the midrange frequency (the equalizer is adjusted at 12 dB), not only the phase distortion caused by the equalizer is to be heavily dubbed the music, but also to the audio tweeter Burned, this kind of situation is also the main reason for burning the speaker. Of course, the sound system design according to the actual situation, such as site size, use, build conditions and other considerations, according to the actual conditions of use to determine the maximum continuous sound pressure level, and then determine the maximum SPL speaker value.
Adjust the volume
Many users put the attenuator of the post-stage amplifier at -6dB, -10dB, that is, 70% -80% of the volume knob, or even the general position, by increasing the mixer input to achieve the appropriate volume, that power The amplifier left margin, the speaker is more secure, in fact, this is wrong. The attenuation of the power amplifier attenuates the input signal. If the input of the power amplifier is attenuated by 6dB, it means that to keep the same volume, the mixer or the front stage must be 6dB more, the voltage is 1 times higher On the dynamic margin, commonly known as "overhead space", we must be cut off half. At this time, if there is a sudden large signal, it will be 6dB early so that the mixer output overload, there cut the waveform. Although the amplifier is not overloaded, but the input is the cut waveform, treble weight too heavy, not only tweeter distortion, tweeter may also burn out.
To sum up the analysis, so that we are very clear that: speakers burn tweet unit is an important reason is that the power amplifier power is too small, not too big. The power amplifier sends out the signal This sound is the slowing signal, causing damage to the speaker. Therefore, when configuring the sound, be sure to establish a correct understanding, use the "big horse car" program, to prevent the power amplifier to send the output signal and damage the high, midrange speaker unit. In the design of the sound system, the power amplifier and audio design power of the above principles to match the actual operation of all aspects of the equipment to use reasonable, in order to do both to protect the equipment, but also to make the sound system to achieve the best results.